The Sangam Period broadly spans c. 300 BCE–300 CE in ancient Tamilakam, marked by vibrant Tamil literature, expanding polities of...

The Kalinga War (c. 262–261 BCE) was the last major campaign of Ashoka Maurya, ending in conquest but provoking a...

Ashoka’s reign (c. 268–232 BCE) transformed the Mauryan state from expansionary conquest to a welfare‑oriented, ethically framed administration publicized through...

The Mauryan Empire (c. 324–187 BCE) unified vast tracts of the subcontinent under Chandragupta Maurya, Bindusara, and Ashoka, developing a...

Gautama Buddha’s life traces a journey from princely ease to renunciation, awakening under the Bodhi tree at Bodh Gaya, the...

Mahavira (Vardhamana) was the 24th Tirthankara of Jainism whose renunciation at about 30, twelve-and-a-half years of extreme asceticism, attainment of...

In the 6th century BCE, intense social, political, and economic churn across the Gangetic plain produced a family of śramaṇa...

The Later Vedic Period (c. 1000–600 BCE) marks a decisive transition from clan‑based, cattle‑rich polities of the northwest to agrarian,...

The Early Vedic Period (c. 1500–1000 BCE) describes the Rigvedic world of cattle‑keeping clans in the Sapta‑Sindhu, organized around chiefs,...

Introduction The Vedic Period spans roughly 1500–600 BCE, evolving from the semi‑nomadic, pastoral world of the Rigvedic (Early Vedic) clans...