The Second Battle of Tarain in 1192 pitted Muhammad of Ghor’s reorganized, mobile cavalry army against Prithviraj Chauhan’s numerically superior...

The Chola thrust into Southeast Asia—culminating in Rajendra Chola I’s 1025 CE strike on the Srivijaya network—was the most audacious...

Raja Raja Chola I (r. 985–1014 CE), born Arulmozhi Varman, transformed the medieval Chola state into a centralized, thalassocratic empire...

The Rajput age in North and Central India broadly spans the 7th to 12th centuries CE, when the disintegration of...

Harshavardhana (r. c. 606–647 CE), known as Śilāditya in inscriptions, rebuilt a northern empire after the Gupta decline by uniting...

Chandragupta II (c. 375–414/15 CE) led the Gupta Empire through its most expansive and prosperous phase by dismantling the Western...

Samudragupta (c. 335–375 CE) expanded a Gupta heartland into a northern empire through sequential campaigns recorded in the Prayaga‑Prashasti, celebrated...

Chandragupta Maurya (r. c. 321–297 BCE) overthrew the Nandas, unified much of the subcontinent, and established the Mauryan Empire with...

Chandragupta I, who reigned from approximately 320 to 335 CE, is widely regarded as the first significant ruler of the...

The Gupta Empire (c. 319–540 CE) unified much of northern India through the reigns of Chandragupta I, Samudragupta, and Chandragupta...